This section focuses on the efficacy, process, and practical application of trauma-focused treatment, including the Finding Solid Ground program.

• Brand B.L., Schielke H.J., Putnam K, Pierorazio, N.A., Nester, M.S., Robertson, J., Myrick, A.C., Loewenstein R.J., Putnam, F.W., Steele K., Boon S. & Lanius R, A. (2025). A randomized controlled trial assists individuals with complex trauma and dissociation in Finding Solid Ground. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001871  

• Pierorazio, N. A., Synder, B.L., Robertson, J.L., Brand, B. L., Scheilke, H.J. & Lanius, R. (2025). Helpful aspects of a psychoeducational program for individuals with complex dissociation: An update for the Finding Solid Ground program. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100566

• Benincasa, C.A., O’Connor, S., Pierorazio, N.A., Wentling, S., Brand, B.L. & Schielke, H.J. (2024). Inpatient outcomes following admission to stabilization-focused complex trauma- and dissociation-specific unit. Advance online publication. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/tra0001748 

• Brand, B.L., Schielke, H.J., Schiavone, F., & Lanius, R.A. (2022). Finding Solid Ground: Overcoming Obstacles in Trauma Treatment. Oxford University Press.

  • Access the book: https://tinyurl.com/FindingSolidGround

• Schielke, H.J., Brand, B.L. & Lanius, R.A. (2022). The Finding Solid Ground Program Workbook: Overcoming Obstacles in Trauma Recovery. Oxford University Press.

  • Access the book: https://tinyurl.com/FindingSolidGroundWorkbook

• Brand, B.L. (2024). The Concise Guide to the Assessment and Treatment of Trauma-related Dissociation. American Psychological Association Books.

  • Access the book: https://www.apa.org/pubs/books/assessment-treatment-trauma-related-dissociation

• Brand, B.L., Schielke, H., Putnam, K., Putnam, F., & Loewenstein, R.J., Myrick, A., Jepsen, E.K.K., Langeland, W. Steele, K. Classen, C., Lanius, R.A. (2019). An online educational program for individuals with dissociative disorders and their clinicians: One-year and two-year follow-up. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 

• Brand, B.L. Loewenstein, R.J., Schielke, H.J., van der Hart, O., Nijenhuis, E.R.S., Schlumpf, Y., Vissia, E.M., Jepsen, E.K.K., Reinders, A.A.T.  (2019).  Cautions and concerns about Huntjens et al.’s Schema Therapy for dissociative identity disorder. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2019.1631698

• Myrick, A., Webermann, A. R., Loewenstein, R. J., Lanius, R., Putnam, F. W. & Brand, B. L. (2017). Six-year follow-up of the treatment of patients with dissociative disorders study. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 8(1). doi: 10.1080/20008198.2017.1344080

• Schielke, H.J., Brand, B.L., & Marsic, A. (2017). Assessing therapeutic change in patients with severe dissociative disorders: The Progress in Treatment Questionnaire, therapist and patient measures. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2017.1380471 

• Myrick, A., Webermann, A. R., Langeland, W., Putnam, F. W. & Brand, B. L. (2017). Treatment of dissociative disorders and reported changes in inpatient and outpatient cost estimates. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 8(1). doi: 10.1080/20008198.2017.1344080

• Myrick, A. C., Chasson, G. S., Lanius, R., Leventhal, B., & Brand, B. L. (2015). Treatment of complex dissociative disorders: A comparison of interventions reported by community therapists versus those recommended by experts. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 16(1), 51-67. doi: 10.1080/15299732.2014.949020

• Brand, B. L., Loewenstein, R. J., & Spiegel, D. (2014). Dispelling myths about dissociative identity disorder treatment: An empirically based approach. Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes, 77(2), 169-189. doi: 10.1521/psyc.2014.77.2.169

• Loewenstein, R.J., Brand, B.L., & Gilbert, L., Camins, J., Pyne, Z., & Dressel, C. (October, 2014). Treating complex trauma survivors. Psychiatric Times. Retrieved from http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/cme/treating-complex-trauma-survivors

• Brand, B. L. & Loewenstein, R. J. (2014). Does phasic trauma treatment make patients with dissociative identity disorder treatment more dissociative? Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 15(1), 52-65. doi: 10.1080/15299732.2013.828150

• Cronin, E., Brand, B. L., & Mattanah, J. F. (2014). The impact of the therapeutic alliance on treatment outcome in patients with dissociative disorders. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. 5. doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v5.22676

• Brand, B. L., & Stadnik, R. (2013). What contributes to predicting change in treatment of dissociation: Initial levels of dissociation, PTSD, or overall distress? Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 14(3), 328-341. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/15299732.2012.736929

• Brand, B. L., McNary, S. W., Myrick, A. C. , Loewenstein, R. J., Classen, C. C., Lanius, R. A., Pain, C. & Putnam, F. W. (2013). A longitudinal, naturalistic study of dissociative disorder patients treated by community clinicians. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, & Policy, 5(4), 301-308. doi: 10.1037/a0027654

• Engelberg, J. & Brand, B. L. (2012). The effects of depression on self-harm and treatment outcome in patients with severe dissociative disorder. Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research, 17(3), 115-124. Retrieved from http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/84199405/effect-depression-self-harm-treatment-outcome-patients-severe-dissociative-disorders

• Myrick, A. C., Brand, B. L., McNary, S. W., Loewenstein, R. J., Classen, C. C., Lanius, R. A., Pain, C. & Putnam, F. W. (2012). An exploration of young adults’ progress in treatment for dissociative disorder. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 13(5), 582-595. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2012.694841

• Brand, B. L., Myrick, A. C., Loewenstein, R. J., Classen, C. C., Lanius, R., McNary, S. W., Pain, C., & Putnam, F. W. (2012). A survey of practices and recommended treatment interventions among expert therapists treating patients with dissociative identity disorder and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 4(5), 490–500. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026487 

• Brand, B. L., Classen, C., McNary, S. W., & Zaveri, P. (2009). A review of dissociative disorders treatment studies. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 197, 646-654. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181b3afaa

Brand, B. L., Classen, C. C., Lanius, R. A., Loewenstein, R. J., & McNary, S. W., Pain, C., & Putnam, F. W. (2009). A naturalistic study of dissociative identity disorder and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified patients treated by community clinicians. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, & Policy, 1, 153-171. doi: 10.1037/a0016210

This group contains studies focused on the challenging task of distinguishing genuine symptoms of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) from those that are simulated or feigned, often within forensic or legal contexts.

• Finley, J.D.A., Barth, M. & Brand, B.L. (2024). Distinguishing genuine from simulated dissociative identity disorder using the Morel Emotional Numbing Test. Advance online publication. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/tra0001754 

• Ambrose, T., Giarrantano, K.J., McCue, M.L., Brand, B.L., & Dalenberg, C. J. (2023). Utility of the MMPI-2 in differentiating genuine from feigned dissociative identity disorder. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice & Policy. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001611

• Barth, M.R., Brand, B.L. & Nester, M.S. (2023). Distinguishing Clinical and Simulated Dissociative Identity Disorder using the Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice & Policy. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001413 

• Brand, B.L. & Brown, L. (2023). True Drama or True Trauma? Forensic Trauma Assessment and the Challenge of Detecting Malingering. (pp. 673-683). In Dorahy, M. J., Gold, S., & O’Neil, J. (Eds.). Dissociation and the Dissociative Disorders: Past, Present, Future (2nd Ed, pp. 673-683). New York: Routledge Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003057314-50.

• Brand, B.L., Barth, M., Schlumpf, Y.R., Littenheid, C., Schielke, H.J., Chalavi, S., Vissia, E.M., Nijenhuis , E.R.S., Jäncke , L., & Reinders, A.A.T.S. (2021). The Utility of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology for distinguishing individuals with dissociative identity disorder (DID) from DID simulators and healthy controls. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2021.1984048 

• Brand, B.L., Webermann, A.R., Snyder, B.L. & Kaliush, P.R. (2019). Detecting Genuine and Simulated Dissociative Identity Disorder with the Test of Memory Malingering. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice & Policy. 11(5), 513-520. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000405 

• Palermo, C.A. & Brand, B.L. (2019). Can the Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 distinguish coached simulators from dissociative disorder patients? Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, & Policy, 11(5), 477-485. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000382 

• Brand, B.L., Schielke, H., & Brams, J.(2017). Assisting the Courts in Understanding and Connecting with Experiences of Disconnection: Addressing Trauma-Related Dissociation as a Forensic Psychologist, Part I. Psychological Injury & Law, 10(4), 283-297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-017-9304-8 

• Brand, B.L., Schielke, H. & Brams, J. & DiComo, R. A. (2017). Assessing Trauma-Related Dissociation in Forensic Contexts: Addressing Trauma-Related Dissociation as a Forensic Psychologist, Part II. Psychological Injury & Law, 10(4), 298-312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-017-9305-7 

• Vissia, E. M., Mechteld, E. G., Chalavi, S., Nijenhuis, E. R. S., Draijer, N., Brand, B. L., & Reinders, A. A. T. (2016). Is it trauma- or fantasy-based? Comparing dissociative identity disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, simulators, and controls. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 134 (2), 111-128. https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.12590  

• Brand, B. L., Chasson, G. S., Polermo, C. A., Donato, F. M., Rhodes, K. P., & Voorhees, E. F. (2016). Truth is in the details: A comparison of MMPI-2 item endorsements by patients with dissociative identity disorder patients versus simulators. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 44(1), 63-72. Retrieved from http://jaapl.org/content/44/1/63

• Brand, B. L., Tursich, M., Tzall, D., & Loewenstein, R. J. (2014). Utility of the SIRS-2 in distinguishing genuine from simulated dissociative identity disorder. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, & Policy, 6(4), 308-317. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036064 

Brand, B. L., & Chasson, G. S. (2014). Distinguishing simulated from genuine dissociative identity disorder on the MMPI-2. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, & Policy,7(1), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035181

This section addresses the core debate in the field, challenging common myths and providing empirical evidence for the trauma-based model of dissociation, including the dissociative subtype of PTSD.

• Snyder, B.L., Boyer, S., Caplan, J. & Brand, B.L. (2024). It’s Not Just a Movie: Perceived Impact of Misportrayals of Dissociative Identity Disorder in the Media on Self and Treatment. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100429  

• Loewenstein, R.J. & Brand, B.L. (2023). Dissociative identity disorder: A disorder of diagnostic and therapeutic paradoxes. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy. https://doi.org/10.1080/02668734.2023.2272771 

• Dalenberg, C., Brand, B.L., Loewenstein, R.J., Frewen, P., & Spiegel, D. (2020) scientific discourse on traumatic dissociation: Progress made and obstacles to further resolution. Psychological Injury & Law, 13(2), 135-154.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-020-09376-9 

• Brand, B.L., Dalenberg, C.J., Frewen, P.A., Loewenstein, R.J., Schielke, H.J., Brams, J.S. & Spiegel, D. (2018). Trauma-related dissociation is no fantasy: Addressing the Omissions and Errors in Merckelbach and Patihis. Psychological Injury & Law. 11(4), 377-393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-018-9336-8 

• Brand, B. L., & Pasko, D. (2017). Split is based on myths about dissociative identity disorder. PsycCritiques, 62(18). https://doi.org/10.1037/a0040801

• Brand, B. L., & Frewen, P. (2017). Dissociation as a trauma-related phenomenon. In J. M. Cook, C. Dalenberg, & S. Gold (Eds.), APA Handbook of Trauma Psychology (pp. 215-241). Washington DC: American Psychological Association.

• Tyson, B. D., & Brand, B. L. (2017). Traumatic dissociation: Theory, assessment, and treatment. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 24(2), 170-185. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpsp.12195  

• Brand, B. L., Sar, V., Stavropoulos, P., Kruger, C., Korzekwa, M., Martínez-Taboas, A., & Middleton, W. (2016). Separating fact from fiction: An empirical examination of common myths about dissociative identity disorder. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 24(4), 257-270. https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000100 

• Dalenberg, C. J., Brand, B. L., Loewenstein, R. J., Gleaves, D. H., Dorahy, M. J., Cardeña, E. B., Frewen, P. A., Carlson, E. B., Spiegel, D. (2014). Reality versus fantasy: Reply to Lynn et al. (2014). Psychological Bulletin, 140(3), 911-920. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036685 

• Brand, B. L., Loewenstein, R. J., & Spiegel, D. (August, 2014). Denying dissociation and attacking mental health care. Psychiatric Times, 36-40. Retrieved from http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/psychotherapy/letters-editor-response-reforming-mental-health-care/page/0/4

• Brand, B. L., Loewenstein, R. J., & Spiegel, D. (2013). DID patients are found and researched more widely than Boysen and Van Bergen recognized. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,201(5), 440. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e31828e10d1

• Brand, B. L., Loewenstein, R. J., & Spiegel, D. (2013). Disinformation about dissociation: Dr. Joel Paris’ notions about dissociative identity disorder. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 201(4), 354-356. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e318288d2ee

• Dalenberg, C. J., Brand, B. L., Gleaves, D. H., Dorahy, M. J., Loewenstein, R. J., Cardeña, E., Frewen, P. A., Carlson, E. B., & Spiegel, D. (2012). Evaluation of the evidence for the trauma and fantasy models of dissociation. Psychological Bulletin, 138(3), 550–588. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027447 

• Lanius, R., Brand, B. L., Vermetten, E., Frewen, P. & Spiegel, D. (2012). The dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder: Rationale, clinical and neurobiological evidence and implications. Depression and Anxiety, 29(8), 701-708. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.21889

Lanius, R. A., Vermetten, E., Loewenstein, R. J., Brand, B. L., Schmahl, C., Bremner, J. D., & Spiegel, D. (2010). Emotion modulation in PTSD: Clinical and neurobiological evidence of a dissociative subtype. American Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 640–647. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09081168

This category groups papers that empirically study the specific symptoms, correlates, and expression of dissociative disorders, including self-harm and emotion regulation.

• Kwok, W. K., Chiu, C. D., Brand, B. L., Chan, L. K. N., & Ho, H. L. (2024). Child dissociation: the descriptive psychopathology analysis of a case. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 26(1), 115–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2024.2425087

• Nester, M.S., Pierorazio, N.A., Shandler, G. & Brand, B.L. (2023). Characteristics, Methods, and Functions of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Highly Dissociative Individuals. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation.  https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2023.2181475 

• Nester, M.S., Brand, B.L., Schielke, H.J., & Kumar, S.A. (2022). An Examination of the Relations Between Emotion Dysregulation, Dissociation, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Dissociative Disorder Patients. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2022.2031592 

• Nester, M.S., Boi, C., Brand, B.L., & Schielke, H.J. (2022). The Reasons Dissociative Disorder Patients Self-Injure. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2022.2026738 

• Frewen, P., Brand, B.L., Schielke, H.J., McPhail, I.V., & Lanius, R. (2022) Examining the 4-D Model in Persons Enrolled in the TOP DD Internet Intervention, Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2022.2079794 

• Brand, B. L., & Lanius, R. A. (2014). Chronic complex dissociative disorders and borderline personality disorder: Disorders of emotion dysregulation? Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 1(13). https://doi.org/10.1186/2051-6673-1-13 

• Webermann, A. R., & Brand, B. L. (2017). Mental illness and violent behavior: The role of dissociation. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-017-0053-9 

• Webermann, A. R., Myrick, A. C., Taylor, C. L., Chasson, G. S., & Brand, B. L. (2016). Dissociative, depressive, and PTSD severity as correlates of non-suicidal self-injury and suicidality in dissociative disorder patients. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. 17(1), 67-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2015.1067941 

Brand, B. L., Armstrong, J. G., Loewenstein, R. J., & McNary, S. W. (2009). Personality differences on the Rorschach of dissociative identity disorder, borderline personality disorder and psychotic inpatients. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, & Policy, 1, 188-205. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016561

This theme focuses on the use, utility, and validation of standardized clinical and diagnostic instruments for trauma and dissociative disorders.

• Pierorazio, N. A., Brand, B. L., & Goldenson, J. (2025). Dissociation-informed assessment: Process-related guidance. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research Practice, and Policy.

• Evans, F. B., Brand, B. L., & Kaser-Boyd, N. (2023). Assessment of bipolar and psychological trauma spectrum disorders. In J. H. Kleiger & I. B. Weiner (Eds.), Psychological Assessment of Bipolar Spectrum Disorders. (pp. 233-252). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000356-016 

• Nester, M.S., Schielke, H.J., Brand, B.L., & Loewenstein, R.J. (2022). Dissociative identity disorder: Diagnostic accuracy and DSM-5 criteria change implications. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2021.1989123

• Mychailyszyn, M.P., Brand, B.L., Webermann, A.R. Şar, V. & Draijer, N. (2020). Differentiating dissociative from non-dissociative disorders: A meta-analysis of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D). Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2020.1760169  

• Brand, B.L., Spindler, H., Cannon, R. (2019). A Psychological Assessment Perspective on Clinical and Conceptual Distinctions Between Dissociative Disorders and Psychotic Disorder. In A. Moskowitz, M. J. Dorahy, and I. Schäfer (Eds.), Psychosis, Trauma, and Dissociation: Evolving Perspectives on Severe Psychopathology (pp. 351-365). New York: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.

• Eidhof, M. B., ter Heide, F. J., van Der Aa, N., Schreckenbach, M., Schmidt, U., Brand, B. L., Lanius, R. A., Loewenstein, R. J., Spiegel, D., & Vermetten, E. (2019). The dissociative subtype of PTSD interview (DSP-I): Development and psychometric properties. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 20(5), 564–581. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2019.1597806  

• Brand, B.L. (2017). Dissociative disorders: Diagnosis. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Abnormal and Clinical Psychology, 1138-1140. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483365817.n454 

• Brand, B. L., Lanius, R. Loewenstein, R. J. (2014). Dissociative Identity Disorder. In G. Gabbard (Ed.), Treatments of Psychiatric Disorders 5th Edition (pp. 439-458). 

• Lanius, R., Wolf, E., Miller, M., Frewen, P., Vermetten, E., Brand, B. L., Spiegel, D. (2014). The dissociative subtype of PTSD. In M. J. Friedman, T. M. Keane & P. A. Resick (Eds.), The Handbook of PTSD (pp. 234-250). New York: Guilford.

Stadnik, R., Brand, B. L., & Savoca, A. (2013). Personality Assessment Inventory profile and predictors of elevations among dissociative disorder patients. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 14(5), 546-561. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2013.792310

This section contains papers that address the training of clinicians, the experiences of therapists working with DID, and broader professional/societal topics related to complex trauma.

• Pierorazio, N.A., Snyder, B.L., Chang, M., Israel, B. S., Brand, B.L. (2025). How psychotherapists who practice with clients with dissociative identity disorder experience their work: a reflexive thematic analysis. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 25, https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12879.

• Myrick, A., Schielke, H.J. & Brand, B.L. (2024). Changes in Therapists’ Knowledge of Symptom Management and Stabilization following Program Co-Participation with Dissociative Patients. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100460

• Salter, M., Brand, B.L., Robinson, M., Loewenstein, R.J., Silberg, J. & Korzekwa, M. (2024). Self-diagnosed cases of dissociative identity disorder on social media: Conceptualization, assessment, and treatment. Harvard Review of Psychiatry. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000416 

• Purcell, J.B., Brand, B., Browne, H. A., Chefetz, R. A., Shanahan, M., Bair, Z. A., Baranowski, K.A., Davis, V., Mangones, P., Modell, R.L, Palermo, C.A., Robertson, E.C., Robinson, M.A., Ward, L., Winternitz, S. Kaufman, M.L., & Lebois, L. A. M (2024). Treatment of dissociative identity disorder: leveraging neurobiology to optimize success. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 44.  https://doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2024.2316153. 

• Nester, M.S., Spicher, B., Pierorazio, N.A., Brand, B.L. & McEwen, L.E. (2024). Coverage of child maltreatment in undergraduate psychopathology textbooks. Psychological Theory: Theory, Research, Practice & Policy. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001683

• Henning, J. A., Brand, B., & Courtois, C. A. (2022). Graduate training and certification in trauma treatment for clinical practitioners. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 16(4), 362–375. https://doi.org/10.1037/tep0000326

• Kumar, S. A., Brand, B. L., & Courtois, C. A. (2022). The need for trauma training: Clinicians’ reactions to training on complex trauma. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 14(8), 1387–1394. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000515 

• Langeland, W., Jepsen, E.K.K., Brand B.L., Kleven, L.M, Loewenstein, R.J., Putnam, F.W., Schielke. H. J., Myrick, A., Lanius, R.A. & Heir, T. (2020). The economic burden of dissociative disorders: A qualitative systemic review of empirical studies. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. https://doi.org//10.1037/tra0000556 

• Henning, J. & Brand, B.L., (2019). Implications of the APA PTSD Treatment Guideline for trauma education and Training. Psychotherapy. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000237 

• Brand, B. L., Kumar, S. A., & McEwen, L. E. (2019). Coverage of child maltreatment and adult trauma in graduate psychopathology textbooks. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000454.supp (Supplemental)

• Brand, B.L. & McEwen, L. (2017).  Comments on Jennifer Hoult’s “Response to Brand and McEwen (2016) Editorial: Advocacy for Violations of Legal Rights is Not Advocacy for Justice. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2017.1388139 

• Brand, B.L. & Loewenstein, R.J. (2017). Dissociative disorders: Social factors. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Abnormal and Clinical Psychology, 1159. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483365817.n461 

• Webermann, A. R. & Brand, B.L. (2017). Dissociative disorders: Risk for. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Abnormal and Clinical Psychology, 1156-1158. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483365817.n460 

• Webermann, A. R. & Brand, B.L. (2017). Dissociative disorders: Treatment. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Abnormal and Clinical Psychology. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483365817.n462 

• Brand, B. L. & McEwen, L. (2016). Ethical standards, truths and lies. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 17, 259-266. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2016.1114357   

• Wilgus, S. J., Packer, M. M., Lile-King, R., Miller-Perrin, C. L., & Brand, B. L. (2016). Coverage of child maltreatment in abnormal psychology textbooks: Reviewing the adequacy of the content. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, & Policy. 8(2), 188-197. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000049 

• Middleton, M., Stavropoulos, P., Dorahy, M. J., Krüger, C., Lewis-Fernández, R., Martínez-Taboas, A., Sar, V., & Brand, B. L. (2014). Institutional abuse and societal silence: An emerging global problem. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 48(1), 22-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867413514640

• Webermann, A. R., Brand, B. L., & Chasson, G. S. (2014). Childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence in dissociative disorder patients. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. 5. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.24568 

• Brand, B. L., & McEwen, L. E. (2014, Fall). Coverage of childhood maltreatment and its effects in three introductory psychology textbooks. Trauma Psychology News, Division 56 of the American Psychology Association (pp. 8-11). Retrieved from http://traumapsychnews.com/archived-issues/#2014

• Middleton, M., Stavropoulos, P., Dorahy, M. J., Krüger, C., Lewis-Fernández, R., Martínez-Taboas, A., & Sar, V.. & Brand, B. L. (2014). Child abuse and the dynamics of silence. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 48(6), 581-581. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867414533014

• Middleton, M., Stavropoulos, P., Dorahy, M. J., Krüger, C., Lewis-Fernández, R., Martínez-Taboas, A., & Sar, V.. & Brand, B. L. (2014). The Australian Royal Commission on institutional responses of child sexual abuse. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 48(1),17-21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867413514639 

International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation [Chu, J. A., Dell, P. F., Van der Hart, O., Cardeña, E., Barach, P. M., Somer, E., Loewenstein, R. J., Brand, B. L., et al.] (2011). Guidelines for treating dissociative identity disorder in adults, 3rd revision. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 12,115-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2011.537248

This section focuses on the lived experience of highly dissociative individuals, their perception of treatment, and obstacles to care.

• Pierorazio, N.A., Robertson, J.L., Nester, M.S. & Brand, B.L. (2024). “They Thought I Was Just Making It Up:” Dissociative Individuals’ Understandings of their Dissociation, Perceptions of their Clinicians’ Conceptualizations of Dissociation, and Discrepancies Between Them. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001800 

• Nester, M. S., Pierorazio, N., Shandler, G., & Brand, B. (2024). “Not Bad, Just hard:” A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Reactions to Research Participation Among Highly Dissociative Individuals. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2024.2335968 

• Pierorazio, N.A., Nester, M.S., Shandler, G., & Brand, B.L. (2024). “This ‘prison’ where I cannot heal”: Interactions of culture, dissociation, and treatment among individuals who dissociate.European Journal of Trauma and Dissociation. 7(2), 100325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2023.100325 

• Nester, M. S., Hawkins, S. L., & Brand, B. L. (2022). Barriers to accessing and continuing mental health treatment among individuals with dissociative symptoms. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2022.2031594 

• Myrick, A. C., Brand, B. L., & Putnam, F. W. (2013). For better or worse: The role of revictimization and stress in the course of treatment for dissociative disorders. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation 14(4), 375-389. https://doi.org/ 15299732.2012.736931

This category groups broad-scope review articles, encyclopedia entries, and publications that examine dissociative phenomena in the context of other psychiatric or neurological conditions.

• Brand B. L., Myrick A. C., Sar V., Lanius R. A. (2011). Trauma and dissociation: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment. In M. Hallett (Ed.), Psychogenic Movement Disorders & Other Conversion Disorders (pp. 106-119).

• Dorahy, M. J., Brand, B. L., Krüger, C., Lewis-Fernández, R., Martínez-Taboas, A., & Sar, V., Middleton, M., Stavropoulos, P. (2014). Dissociative identity disorder: An empirical review. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 48(5), 402 – 417. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867414527523 

• Brand, B. L. & Myrick, A. C. (2014). Dissociative disorders. In L. Grossman & S. Walfish (Eds.), Translating Research into Practice: A Desk Reference for Practicing Mental Health Professionals (pp. 187-189). New York: Springer Publishing.